Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Progressive degenerative disease of the central retina (macula) and leading cause of irreversible vision loss in older adults, with dry (atrophic) and wet (neovascular) forms.
Also: AMD, ARMD, Age-related maculopathy
Pathogenesis involves oxidative stress, complement-system dysregulation (CFH variants), and accumulation of lipofuscin in retinal pigment epithelium. Mediterranean-style diets, fish/omega-3 intake, and adequate lutein/zeaxanthin are associated with lower risk in cohorts; AREDS2 supplementation slows progression in intermediate disease. Anti-VEGF intravitreal injections (bevacizumab, aflibercept, ranibizumab) treat wet AMD.
How one textbook covers it
Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 12th ed. — Ch 100: Age-Related Eye Diseases
Pathogenesis involves oxidative stress, complement-system dysregulation (CFH variants), and accumulation of lipofuscin in retinal pigment epithelium. Mediterranean-style diets, fish/omega-3 intake, and adequate lutein/zeaxanthin are associated with lower risk in cohorts; AREDS2 supplementation slows progression in intermediate disease. Anti-VEGF intravitreal injections (bevacizumab, aflibercept, ranibizumab) treat wet AMD.
Related terms
AREDS, Carotenoids, Lutein, Mediterranean diet