Learn Glossary colorant

Cochineal(E124)

Level 5High concernIn Winter's Dictionary

Cochineal is a colorant — Deep crimson dye from female cochineal insects

Also: Ponceau Red 4R

What it does

Deep crimson dye from female cochineal insects

Where you'll see it

Candy, yogurt, fruit drinks, scarlet/orange/red tints

What the research says

Azo dye that may elicit intolerance in salicylate-allergic people. Histamine liberator may intensify asthma. Considered carcinogenic in USA, Norway, Finland. Possible cause of hyperactivity. Can cause life-threatening allergic reactions per University of Michigan researchers. Often listed as 'natural'.

Regulatory status

  • US FDA: BAN
  • EU: approved
  • Notes: Banned by FDA; Ponceau 4R considered carcinogenic in USA, Norway, Finland; FDA has seized Chinese-produced haw flakes for containing it

Sources

  • A Consumer's Dictionary of Food Additives (Winter): Ponceau 4R is considered carcinogenic in some countries, including the USA, Norway, and Finland, and it is currently listed as a banned substance by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration