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HIV/AIDS

Retroviral infection that progressively destroys CD4+ T cells, leading to immunodeficiency and opportunistic infections if untreated.

Also: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) allows near-normal life expectancy and renders viral load undetectable, eliminating sexual transmission (U=U). Nutrition concerns include drug-related metabolic complications (lipodystrophy, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance), bone density loss, GI side effects, and food security in vulnerable populations. PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) is a major prevention strategy.

How one textbook covers it

  • Krause and Mahan's Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 16th ed. — Chapter 38

    Modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) allows near-normal life expectancy and renders viral load undetectable, eliminating sexual transmission (U=U). Nutrition concerns include drug-related metabolic complications (lipodystrophy, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance), bone density loss, GI side effects, and food security in vulnerable populations. PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) is a major prevention strategy.

Related terms

Antiretroviral Therapy, CD4 Count, Wasting Syndrome