Marasmus
Severe protein-energy malnutrition characterized by total body wasting (weight-for-height <70% median, mid-upper arm circumference <115 mm in children) without edema, due to chronic energy and protein deficit.
Marasmus reflects adaptation to chronic deficit: muscle and fat are catabolized while visceral proteins are relatively preserved. In contrast to kwashiorkor, edema is absent. Treatment follows WHO 10-step protocol (correct hypoglycemia, hypothermia, dehydration cautiously; treat infection; correct electrolytes; provide energy and protein cautiously to avoid refeeding syndrome).
How each textbook covers it
Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 8th ed. (Gropper) — Glossary
Severe wasting from chronic energy deficit, with depleted fat and muscle but preserved serum proteins. Contrasts with kwashiorkor (predominant protein deficiency with edema).
Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 12th ed. — Ch 70: Protein-Energy Malnutrition
Marasmus reflects adaptation to chronic deficit: muscle and fat are catabolized while visceral proteins are relatively preserved. In contrast to kwashiorkor, edema is absent. Treatment follows WHO 10-step protocol (correct hypoglycemia, hypothermia, dehydration cautiously; treat infection; correct electrolytes; provide energy and protein cautiously to avoid refeeding syndrome).
Related terms
Kwashiorkor, Lanugo, PEM, Refeeding syndrome