Learn Glossary biochemistry

Metallothionein

Small cysteine-rich intracellular protein that binds zinc, copper, and other heavy metals, induced by zinc itself, glucocorticoids, and oxidative stress, that buffers cellular metal availability.

Metallothionein in enterocytes traps excess zinc and serves as the molecular basis for the homeostatic adaptation of fractional zinc absorption to intake. Therapeutically, zinc-induced metallothionein is exploited in Wilson disease, where zinc reduces intestinal copper absorption by trapping copper in shed enterocytes.

How one textbook covers it

  • Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 12th ed.Ch 11: Zinc

    Metallothionein in enterocytes traps excess zinc and serves as the molecular basis for the homeostatic adaptation of fractional zinc absorption to intake. Therapeutically, zinc-induced metallothionein is exploited in Wilson disease, where zinc reduces intestinal copper absorption by trapping copper in shed enterocytes.

Related terms

Copper, Wilson disease, Zinc